The confusion test in European Trade Mark Law

Historically, likelihood of confusion has been the core infringement test for trade mark law, and it remains the most frequently applied test in infringement actions by far. However, there are noticeable differences in how it is applied by the Court of Justice of the European ...

Trade mark dilution in Europe and the United States

The only comparison of EU and US protection against trade mark dilution, this book provides a complete overview of the dilution action, enabling practitioners to better protect trade marks against dilution or to combat dilution claims. Through clear and practical tests for the different types ...

Trade Mark Law and sharing names

exploring use of the same mark by multiple undertakings

Ed. Ilanah Simon Fhima. According to the European Court of Justice a trade mark must unequivocally point to the goods of one undertaking without any possibility of confusion, in order to fulfill its essential function. However, as this book demonstrates, there are a number of ...