The greatest works of economists have the potential to provide insights on current economic developments and policy challenges long after they are written. This book seeks to investigate the evolution of the core ideas and policy recommendations of the major schools of economic thought, and to present and critically evaluate those theories that have survived over time and can inform us about current developments and economic policies. The theories of major economists are presented and used to promote an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the economy and to address contemporary problems and issues. In addition, the book explores the fascinating dynamics of shifting from one school of economic thought to another. Each chapter concludes with a summary, critical remarks, a set of questions for reflection and discussion, and recommendations for further reading.